Biology project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Biology project - Essay Example The moment this happen, there is no death of cell when they should; later, new cells form regardless of whether the body needs them or not. The extra cells which formed can develop into a mass of tissue that is popularly known as Tumor. Tumor (Cancer Council, 1: 6) may exist as lump; it can be malignant (cancerous) or benign (not cancerous). Cancer cells that grow larger than "pin's head" typically has their own blood vessel. Occasionally, they go away from the primary location of the cancer either by the region of the blood or lymph vessels and later begin to invade other organs of the body. At the new site, they continue to grow to form another tumor (Cancer Council, 1: 7). Specific type of cancer is Lymphoma. Lymphoma (Michigan Cancer Consortium, 1:1) that affects white blood cells known as lymphocytes. These are immune cells which are basically working to protect the body from getting. In lymphoma, malignant cells are formed and may accumulate to develop into tumors. Later it enlarge; making lymph nodes seemed swollen while other cancer cells spread to other parts of the lymphatic system like bone marrow, spleen, skin, or mucosal linings of the stomach. Common symptoms caused by this illness are : Drenching night sweats, Persistent fevers or chills, Persistent skin rashes and itching, Unexplained weight loss, Unexplained fatigue, Painless swelling of lymph node (Kuppers, 2:34). Lymphoma is the most commonly existing blood cancer, and in fact, it is the third common childhood cancer. Since the 1970s, the incidence rate of non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL) with each year has increased 4% annually (Karl, 1:par Your Name Here 2 2. Research the mechanism of that particular cancer i.e. what enzymes, proteins are involved).Basically, lymphomas are cancers which begin by the "malignant transformation" of a WBC lymphocyte in the areas of the lymphatic system. Many lymphomas are known to be due to specific genetic mutations.Lymphocytes recognize pathogens (infections and abnormal cells) and destroy them. There are 2 major subtypes of lymphocytes: B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes, also referred to as B cells and T cells. B lymphocytes are much affected in individuals with lymphoma; Note that the former produce antibodies. When a cancer causing agent like a virus is detected, the T cells, are immediately activated, which in turn kill pathogens directly. Part of the mechanisms of T cells are the immune system control (controlling over activity or under activity). B and T lymphocytes are the one's fighting off an invader. Cancer occurs the moment normal cells undergo a transition whereby they grow at the same time mul tiply uncontrollably. Consequently, as the cells continue to multiply, formation of mass or tumor may also be formed. Tumors usually invade tissue spaces and areas surrounding it; if lymphomas are no controlled, it can progress on and/or invade the neighboring tissues or distant organs (emedicinehealth.com; 7). Tyrosine (protein) kinase and the phosphoinositide